{"id":55439,"date":"2018-02-05T22:36:46","date_gmt":"2018-02-05T22:36:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/2018\/02\/05\/%e9%94%90%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%e8%81%9a%e7%84%a6%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8a%e5%a4%96%e4%ba%a4%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e9%94%90%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a8%81%e8%83%81%e8%bd%af%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%ef%bc%88\/"},"modified":"2018-02-05T22:36:46","modified_gmt":"2018-02-05T22:36:46","slug":"%e9%94%90%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%e8%81%9a%e7%84%a6%ef%bc%9a%e3%80%8a%e5%a4%96%e4%ba%a4%e3%80%8b%ef%bc%9a%e9%94%90%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a8%81%e8%83%81%e8%bd%af%e5%ae%9e%e5%8a%9b%ef%bc%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/?p=55439","title":{"rendered":"\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u805a\u7126\uff1a\u300a\u5916\u4ea4\u300b\uff1a\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u5982\u4f55\u5a01\u80c1\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff08\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u3000\u3000<\/a><\/p>\n

      \u3010\u718a\u732b\u65f6\u62a5\u8baf\u3011\u534e\u5e9c\u6b63\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u65e7\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u65b0\u540d\u8bcd\u640f\u6597\u2500\u2500\u300c\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u300d\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u6c83\u514b(Christopher Walker)\u53ca\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u683c(Jessica
\nLudwig)\u521b\u9020\uff0c\u610f\u6307\u4eca\u65e5\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5927\u56fd(\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e2d\u4fc4)\u53d1\u52a8\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6218(information warfare)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u5317\u4eac\u548c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u6295\u653e\u6570\u767e\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u65b0\u6216\u65e7\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u672c\u8eab\u5177\u9650\u5236\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u5236\u548c\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5f00\u653e\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0(asymmetry of openness
\n)\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u7403\u516c\u4f17\u7684\u89c2\u611f\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\u662f\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u7126\u70b9\u662f\u4fc4\u56fd\u5e72\u98842016\u5e74\u5927\u9009\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bd5\u56fe\u63a7\u5236\u7f8e\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u548c\u8bfe\u5ba4\u5bf9\u654f\u611f\u8bae\u9898\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6c83\u514b\u548c\u8def\u5fb7\u7ef4\u683c\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u968f\u4e2d\u4fc4\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u6269\u5145\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u51b3\u7b56\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5e94\u8be5\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u4ee5\u4ec0\u4e48\u5de5\u5177\u56de\u5e94\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u628a\u786c\u5b9e\u529b(\u7a7f\u900f\u3001\u6e17\u900f\u6216\u6d1e\u7a7f\u7279\u5b9a\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u8d44\u8baf\u73af\u5883)\u548c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b(\u6587\u5316\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b)\u4f5c\u51fa\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ec5\u4ec5\u300c\u9884\u9632\u6709\u5bb3\u7684\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\u300d\uff0c\u4ea6\u987b\u300c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u91c7\u53d6\u66f4\u5f3a\u786c\u59ff\u6001\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6765\u81ea\u4e2d\u4fc4\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\u6311\u6218\u4eca\u5929\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u793e\u4f1a\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u6a21\u4eff\u654c\u4eba\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ea6\u5373\u4e0d\u5e94​​\u5c31\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u4f5c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u524a\u5f31\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u4f18\u52bf\u2500\u2500\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u529b<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u6cbb\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7531\u6211\u57281990\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u521d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528)\u662f\u6307\u900f\u8fc7\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u529d\u8bf4(attraction and
\npersuasion)\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u538b\u8feb\u548c\u62a5\u507f(coercion and
\npayment)\u8fd9\u4e9b\u786c\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eba\u3002\u5355\u662f\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u4e0d\u8db3\u591f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4e0e\u786c\u5b9e\u529b\u4e00\u9053\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u300c\u52a0\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u300d(force
\nmultiplier)\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ec4\u5408\u5e76\u4e0d\u65b0\u9896\uff0c\u7f57\u9a6c\u5e1d\u56fd\u4fbf\u5f88\u4f9d\u8d56\u7f57\u9a6c\u519b\u56e2\u548c\u7f57\u9a6c\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u9886\u8896\u5730\u4f4d\u4ea6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5b9e\u529b\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u65b9\u519b\u961f\u53d6\u80dc\uff0c\u4e5f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u65b9\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u53d6\u80dc\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bba\u8ff0\u662f\u5b9e\u529b\u4e4b\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u597d\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5dee;\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u4ee4\u4eba\u4fe1\u670d\uff0c\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u8f83\u900f\u8fc7\u6b66\u529b\u4ee4\u4eba\u5c48\u670d\u597d\u3002\u62c9\u767b(Osama bin
\nLaden)\u6ca1\u6709\u5a01\u80c1\u6216\u5411\u9a7e\u9a76\u98de\u673a\u649e\u5411\u4e16\u8d38\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u6050\u6016\u4efd\u5b50\u652f\u4ed8\u8d39\u7528\uff0c\u4ed6\u900f\u8fc7\u7406\u5ff5\u5f71\u54cd\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u90aa\u6076\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u4f55\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u81ea\u613f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u786c\u5b9e\u529b\u4f9d\u8d56\u62a5\u507f\u7684\u5f15\u8bf1( inducements by payment)\u6216\u5a01\u80c1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u80c1\u8feb(coercion by
\nthreat)\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6709\u4eba\u6301\u67aa\u6307\u5411\u4f60\u7684\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u8feb\u4f60\u4ea4\u51fa\u94b1\u5305\uff0c\u4f60\u600e\u60f3\u662f\u65e0\u5173\u5b8f\u65e8\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u786c\u5b9e\u529b;\u5047\u5982\u6709\u4eba\u5c1d\u8bd5\u529d\u670d\u4f60\u81ea\u613f\u653e\u5f03\u94b1\u5305\uff0c\u90a3\u4e00\u5207\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u600e\u60f3\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u300c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u300d\u6709\u597d\u6709\u574f\uff0c911\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u88ad\u51fb\u8005\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u53d7\u5230\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u5f71\u54cd\u3002(\u7f51\u7edc\u56fe\u7247)<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9510\u5b9e\u529b(\u51fa\u4e8e\u654c\u5bf9\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u8d44\u8baf\u6765\u7792\u9a97\u4eba)\u662f\u786c\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u64cd\u63a7\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u89c2\u5ff5\u6216\u9009\u4e3e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5e76\u975e\u65b0\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u51b7\u6218\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u90fd\u7528\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u900f\u8fc7\u5047\u65b0\u95fb\u548c\u6270\u4e71\u793e\u4f1a\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u57281980\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u82cf\u8054\u60c5\u62a5\u673a\u6784KGB\u6563\u64ad\u8c23\u8a00\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u7231\u6ecb\u75c5\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u751f\u5316\u6b66\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\u5f04\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c23\u8a00\u9996\u5148\u7531\u4e00\u5c01\u533f\u540d\u4fe1\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5370\u5ea6\u65b0\u5fb7\u91cc\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u7eb8\u540e\u6765\u4f5c\u51fa\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u83b7\u5f97\u5168\u7403\u8f6c\u8f7d\u30022016\u5e74\u540c\u6837\u624b\u6cd5\u91cd\u73b0\uff1a\u5e0c\u62c9\u91cc\u7684\u7ade\u9009\u7ecf\u7406\u88ab\u6307\u5728\u534e\u76db\u987f\u4e00\u95f4\u9910\u5385\u8650\u5f85\u5e7c\u7ae5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e0d\u5b9e\u8c23\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000(\u865a\u5047\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u7684)\u57fa\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u65b0\uff0c\u4f20\u64ad\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u624d\u662f\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u95f4\u8c0d\uff0c\u7535\u5b50\u4ea7\u54c1\u66f4\u4fbf\u5b9c\u3001\u5feb\u6377\u3001\u5b89\u5168\uff0c(\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u63ed\u53d1)\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5426\u8ba4\u3002\u5728\u53d7\u85aa\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6311\u8845\u8005(paid
\ntrolls)\u3001\u50f5\u5c38\u7f51\u7edc\u3001RT\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u3001\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u536b\u661f\u901a\u8baf\u793e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fc4\u56fd\u60c5\u62a5\u673a\u6784\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u5165\u4fb5\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u5168\u56fd\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u548c\u5e0c\u62c9\u91cc\u7ade\u9009\u56e2\u961f\u9ad8\u5c42\u7684\u7535\u90ae\u7cfb\u7edf\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u6270\u4e71\u65b0\u95fb\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u6270\u4e71\u897f\u65b9\u6c11\u4e3b\u9009\u4e3e\uff0c\u6cbe\u6c61\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u58f0\u8a89\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u65e0\u52a9\u63d0\u5347\u4f5c\u6076\u8005(\u4fc4\u56fd)\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u4ee4\u5979\u4eec\u58f0\u8a89\u53d7\u635f\u3002\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u6210\u672c;\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5979\u5e0c\u671b\u83b7\u5f97\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b(\u5bf9\u4ed6\u56fd\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b)\u548c\u9510\u5b9e\u529b(\u6270\u4e71\u4ed6\u56fd\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u601d\u60f3\u5ba1\u67e5)\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u5f88\u96be\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u6fb3\u6d32\u516c\u4f17\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u597d\u611f\u66fe\u7ecf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e72\u9884\u6fb3\u6d32\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u60c5\u52bf\u6025\u8f6c\u76f4\u4e0b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e54\u6cbb\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u8005\u6c88\u5927\u4f1f\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e3a\u63d0\u5347\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u6bcf\u5e74\u6295\u653e100\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u4f46\u6210\u6548\u4e0d\u5f70\uff0c\u5728\u300c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b30\u5f3a\u300d\u6307\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u572830\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6392\u540d26\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u7a98\u5883<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u867d\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u548c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u8fd0\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u8005\u7740\u5b9e\u4e0d\u6613\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u9020\u6210(\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u56fd\u5bb6)\u96be\u4ee5\u56de\u5e94\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5bf9\u8d44\u8baf\u4f5c\u51fa\u8868\u8ff0\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u8868\u8ff0\u53d8\u6210\u6b3a\u9a97\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba(\u6216\u56fd\u5bb6)\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u80c1\u8feb\u3002\u5f00\u653e\u5ea6\u548c\u6545\u610f\u8bc8\u9a97\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u548c\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e78\u5730\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u516c\u5171\u5916\u4ea4\uff0c\u5f53\u4fc4\u56fdRT\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u6216\u4e2d\u56fd\u65b0\u534e\u793e\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u516c\u5f00\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u5979\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u7528\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5979\u4eec\u53d1\u653e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e94\u88ab\u63a5\u53d7\u3002\u5f53\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u9645\u5e7f\u64ad\u7535\u53f0\u79d8\u5bc6\u652f\u6301\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7535\u53f0\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8d8a\u8fc7\u754c\u9650\u5316\u8eab\u4e3a\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u63ed\u53d1\u3002\u5047\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u63ed\u53d1\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u62b5\u89e6\u300c\u81ea\u613f\u300d(voluntarism
\n)\u539f\u5219\u3002(\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fa8\u522b\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5916\u4ea4\u653f\u7b56\uff1a\u51b7\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3a\u53c2\u52a01948\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u7684\u610f\u5927\u5229\u53cd\u5171\u653f\u515a\u79d8\u5bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d44\u91d1\uff0cCIA\u4ea6\u66fe\u79d8\u5bc6\u8d44\u52a9\u53cd\u5171\u56e2\u4f53\u300c\u6587\u5316\u81ea\u7531\u534f\u4f1a\u300d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002)<\/p>\n

      \u3000\u3000\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u8d44\u8baf\u73af\u5883\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u96be\u9898\u30021960\u5e74\u8457\u540d\u64ad\u97f3\u5458Edward R.
\nMurrow\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u56fd\u9645\u8054\u7cfb\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u90e8\u4efd\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e07\u82f1\u91cc\u957f\u7684\u7535\u8def\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4e09\u544e\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5462?\u5728\u6ed1\u9f20\u70b9\u51fb\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u6709\u300c\u670b\u53cb\u300d\uff0c\u8981\u4f2a\u9020\u5047\u670b\u53cb\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u2500\u2500\u4ed6\u4eec\u900f\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u6311\u8845\u5e16\u5b50\u4f20\u64ad\u5047\u65b0\u95fb\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u8fa8\u522b\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u548c\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u4e0d\u5355\u8003\u9a8c\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u8003\u9a8c\u79c1\u4eba\u673a\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u56de\u5e94\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u65f6\u987b\u5c0f\u5fc3\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u53cd\u5e94\u8fc7\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9075\u7167\u90a3\u4e9b\u9f13\u5439\u4ee5\u4e13\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u8ddf\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u7ade\u4e89\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u81ea\u8eab\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u53d7\u5230\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u8377\u91cc\u6d3b\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u5b98\u65b9\u516c\u5171\u5916\u4ea4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6452\u5f03\u5f00\u653e\u6027(openness
\n)\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u653e\u5f03\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002\u4e2d\u4fc4\u7b49\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u5f88\u96be\u521b\u9020\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u6070\u6070\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u4eec\u4e0d\u613f\u91ca\u653e\u5176\u516c\u6c11\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5929\u8d4b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u52d2\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u4e2d\u4fc4\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u80fd\u9002\u5f97\u5176\u53cd\u3002\u4e0e\u4efb\u4f55\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9e\u529b\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u5f80\u5f80\u88ab\u7528\u4f5c\u96f6\u548c\u7ade\u4e89\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ea7\u751f\u6b63\u548c\u535a\u5f08\u6548\u5e94(positive-sum
\neffects)\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u82e5\u4e2d\u7f8e\u5e0c\u671b\u907f\u514d\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u53ef\u900f\u8fc7\u4ea4\u6362\u751f\u8ba1\u5212\u589e\u52a0\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u56fd\u5bf9\u53e6\u4e00\u56fd\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002\u5728\u5e94\u5bf9\u6c14\u5019\u53d8\u5316\u7b49\u8de8\u56fd\u6311\u6218\u4e0a\uff0c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u6709\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u4fe1\u4efb\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4ee4\u5408\u4f5c\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5047\u5982\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u6709\u65f6\u53d8\u6210\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u4fbf\u8981\u7981\u6b62\u5979\u63d0\u5347\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u770b\u770b\u83b7\u4e2d\u56fd\u652f\u6301\u3001\u904d\u5e03\u5168\u7403\u7684500\u95f4\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\u672a\u5fc5\u5c31\u662f\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u5a01\u80c1\uff0cBBC\u4e5f\u6709\u653f\u5e9c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5177\u5907\u8db3\u591f\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u662f\u6709\u4fe1\u8a89\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662\u8de8\u8d8a\u754c\u7ebf\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u8df5\u8e0f\u5b66\u672f\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u624d\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u5e94\u5bf9\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7406\u5e94\u5bf9\u653b\u51fb\u6027\u884c\u52a8\u4fdd\u6301\u8c28\u614e\u3002\u5728\u6253\u51fbISIS\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\u5728\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u53ef\u53d1\u6325\u6709\u7528\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u4f46\u5047\u5982​​\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u6a21\u4eff\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u53d1\u52a8\u9690\u853d\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u884c\u52a8\u4ea6\u65e0\u6cd5\u957f\u671f\u9690\u7792\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u88ab\u63ed\u53d1\uff0c\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d7\u635f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u53ef\u91c7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e9b\u63aa\u65bd\u62b5\u5fa1\u4e13\u5236\u56fd\u5bb6\u5177\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9009\u4e3e\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4ecd\u672a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u5177\u8db3\u591f\u963b\u5413\u529b\u548c\u8fd8\u539f\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u4e2d\u4fc4\u7684\u8f6f\u5b9e\u529b\u8ba1\u5212(\u4f8b\u5982\u5b54\u5b50\u5b66\u9662)\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u6210\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u4ecd\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u9632\u536b\u2500\u2500\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u3001\u516c\u6c11\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u548c\u79c1\u4eba\u673a\u6784\u5e94\u8be5\u96c6\u4e2d\u7cbe\u529b\uff0c\u63ed\u53d1\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\uff0c\u4ee4\u516c\u4f17\u514d\u75ab\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u53ef\u5e78\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5f00\u653e\u6027\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u80dc\u8fc7\u72ec\u88c1\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u5f00\u653e\u4e3a\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u5e9c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8fd0\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\u6218\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f46\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u4e5f\u662f\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u548c\u529d\u8bf4\u529b(ability
\nto attract and
\npersuade)\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5373\u4f7f(\u7ade\u4e89\u5bf9\u624b)\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fd0\u7528\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e5f\u6bcb\u987b\u60e7\u6015\u4e0e\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u4f53\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u964d\u81f3\u548c\u654c\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\u8bc9\u8bf8\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u53ea\u4f1a\u6325\u970d\u6389\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u539f\u6587\u520a\u4e8e\u300a\u5916\u4ea4\u300b(Foreign Affairs)\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u6742\u5fd7\uff0c\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u5948(Joseph Nye)\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u3000\u3000       \u3010\u718a\u732b\u65f6\u62a5\u8baf\u3011\u534e\u5e9c\u6b63\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u5f62\u5bb9\u65e7\u5a01\u80c1\u7684\u65b0\u540d\u8bcd\u640f\u6597\u2500\u2500\u300c\u9510\u5b9e\u529b\u300d\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u6c11\u4e3b\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u6c83\u514b(Christopher Walker)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55439"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=55439"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55439\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=55439"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=55439"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=55439"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}