{"id":85062,"date":"2020-09-02T17:22:57","date_gmt":"2020-09-02T07:22:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/?p=85062"},"modified":"2020-09-02T17:22:57","modified_gmt":"2020-09-02T07:22:57","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e4%b8%ad%e4%b8%a4%e5%9b%bd%e4%bb%8e%e6%8e%a5%e8%a7%a6%e8%b5%b0%e5%90%91%e5%af%b9%e6%8a%97%ef%bc%8c%e8%bf%9b%e5%85%a5%e6%96%b0%e5%86%b7%e6%88%98%e5%8f%8c%e8%be%b9%e5%85%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xiongmaotimes.com\/?p=85062","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u4e2d\u4e24\u56fd\u4ece\u63a5\u89e6\u8d70\u5411\u5bf9\u6297\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u201c\u65b0\u51b7\u6218\u201d\u53cc\u8fb9\u5173\u7cfb\u8def\u5728\u4f55\u65b9"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"eachpage\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content_\">\n<p>\u3010\u718a\u732b\u65f6\u62a5\u8baf\u30111972\u5e742\u6708\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5c3c\u514b\u677e\uff08Richard 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class=\"content_\">\n<p>\u5b54\u6770\u8363\u5426\u8ba4\u5f53\u521d\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u63a5\u89e6\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u5f15\u8bf1\u201d\u4e2d\u56fd\u671d\u7740\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u5236\u5ea6\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u4e00\u6279\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5bfb\u6c42\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e2d\u56fd\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5728\u63d0\u5347\u56fd\u5185\u6267\u653f\u548c\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u201d\u800c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u8fd0\u7528\u6240\u5b66\u6cd5\u5f8b\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fc5\u901f\u5236\u5b9a\u51fa\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u56fd\u7279\u6b8a\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u548c\u53f8\u6cd5\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\uff0c\u201c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6280\u672f\u9002\u5e94\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u52aa\u529b\u5b8c\u5584\u6cd5\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5546\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89e3\u51b3\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7ea0\u7eb7\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u4e86\u7ecf\u6d4e\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5bf9\u5916\u8d38\u6613\uff1b\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u4f53\u7cfb\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u7f3a\u5931\uff0c\u5728\u534e\u5916\u8d44\u4f01\u4e1a\u88ab\u5f3a\u5236\u6280\u672f\u8f6c\u8ba9\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u53f8\u6cd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8fdb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b54\u6770\u8363\u627f\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f0a\u75c5\uff0c\u4f46\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6cd5\u5236\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u7f8e\u4e2d\u63a5\u89e6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u3002\u4ed6\u5199\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2d\u56fd\u76ee\u524d\u91c7\u53d6\u9ad8\u538b\u6cbb\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e3a\u5176\u2018\u5f00\u653e\u653f\u7b56\u2019\u6240\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1994\u5e74\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u514b\u6797\u987f\u5728\u767d\u5bab\u65b0\u95fb\u53d1\u5e03\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5ba3\u5e03\uff0c\u5c06\u4eba\u6743\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u8d38\u6613\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4eba\u6743\u4e8b\u4e1a\uff0c\u5e76\u63a8\u8fdb\u89e3\u51b3\u6211\u65b9\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u8bae\u9898\u201d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u968f\u540e\u5ef6\u957f\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6700\u60e0\u56fd\u8d38\u6613\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u7f8e\u4e2d\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u77ed\u6682\u505c\u6ede\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u56de\u5230\u63a5\u89e6\u8f68\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4f17\u57281989\u5e74\u540e\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u53cd\u611f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8ba9\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b98\u5458\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u4e2d\u9677\u5165\u5c34\u5c2c\u30021989\u5e7412\u6708\uff0c\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u52a1\u52a9\u7406\u65af\u8003\u514b\u7f57\u592b\u7279\uff08Brent Scowcroft\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u4f7f\u516c\u5f00\u8bbf\u534e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed67\u6708\u521d\u79d8\u5bc6\u8bbf\u534e\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u4e3a\u89e3\u51b3\u4e24\u56fd\u77db\u76fe\u524d\u6765\u534f\u5546\u3002\u636e\u65f6\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u56fd\u52a1\u9662\u526f\u603b\u7406\u94b1\u5176\u741b\u5728\u300a\u5916\u4ea4\u5341\u8bb0\u300b\u4e00\u4e66\u4e2d\u56de\u5fc6\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u65b9\u4e3e\u529e\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u5bb4\u4f1a\u4e0a\uff0c\u53cc\u65b9\u4e3e\u676f\u795d\u9152\u7684\u6b22\u8fce\u573a\u9762\u88ab\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\u62cd\u6444\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7ed9\u65af\u8003\u514b\u7f57\u592b\u7279\u56de\u56fd\u540e\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u540e\u6765\u4e5f\u5411\u94b1\u5176\u741b\u62b1\u6028\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"content_\">\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u58eb\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u89e6\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u7684\u3002\u7ebd\u7ea6\u57ce\u5e02\u5927\u5b66\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u6559\u6388\u590f\u660e\u5bf9BBC\u4e2d\u6587\u8bf4\uff0c70\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e9f\u9700\u6539\u5584\u793e\u4f1a\u73af\u5883\u3001\u63a8\u52a8\u6cd5\u5236\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e50\u4e8e\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u56fd\u201d\uff1b\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e5f\u671d\u7740\u66f4\u5f00\u653e\u3001\u66f4\u6c11\u4e3b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u8d70\uff0c\u201c\u81ea\u89c9\u5c65\u884c\u541b\u5b50\u534f\u8bae\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c80\u5e74\u4ee3\u540e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u7ea0\u7f20\u800c\u8499\u853d\u4e86\u773c\u775b\u201d\u3002\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7f8e\u56fd\u9762\u4e34\u7ecf\u6d4e\u8c03\u6574\uff0c\u4eba\u529b\u6210\u672c\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u4e2d\u53d7\u76ca\u4e8e\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u5ec9\u4ef7\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u6539\u9769\u5f00\u653e\u53c2\u4e0e\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\uff0c\u56e0\u8d44\u672c\u77ed\u7f3a\u800c\u5b9e\u884c\u201c\u8bf7\u8fdb\u6765\u201d\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5916\u56fd\u8d44\u672c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e2d\u56fd\u3002\u201c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u91d1\u878d\u8d44\u672c\u548c\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u5728\u83b7\u5f97\u597d\u5904\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u5bb6\u4e50\u610f\u63a8\u52a8\u4e2d\u7f8e\u8054\u59fb\u3002\u201d\u590f\u660e\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u8d38\u5f80\u6765\u4e8e\u662f\u6210\u4e3a90\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e24\u56fd\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u4e3b\u65cb\u5f8b\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u8bb0\u8f7d\uff0c\u4e2d\u7f8e\u53cc\u8fb9\u7ecf\u8d38\u989d\u4ece1990\u5e74\u7684122\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\uff0c\u98d9\u5347\u81f32000\u5e74\u7684744\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u83b7\u5f97\u5de8\u5927\u6536\u76ca\uff1b\u800c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u7740\u529b\u53d1\u5c55\u77e5\u8bc6\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u9ad8\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u9ad8\u6c61\u67d3\u4ea7\u4e1a\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u7b49\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u57282000\u5e74\u7ed9\u4e88\u4e2d\u56fd\u6c38\u4e45\u6b63\u5e38\u8d38\u6613\u4f19\u4f34\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u6b21\u5e74\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u4e16\u754c\u8d38\u6613\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e9a\u6d32\u534f\u4f1a\u7f8e\u4e2d\u5173\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u4efb\u590f\u4f1f\uff08Orville Shell\uff09\u57286\u6708\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5199\u9053\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u4e24\u9879\u4e3e\u63aa\u90fd\u63d0\u632f\u4e86\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u5e0c\u671b\uff0c\u5373\u4e2d\u56fd\u52a0\u5165\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u5168\u7403\u8d38\u6613\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u53cc\u8fb9\u8d38\u6613\u9006\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63a8\u8fdb\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u52a0\u5165\u4e16\u8d38\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd8\u52a9\u529b\u4e2d\u56fd\u53d6\u5f97\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u4e3b\u529e\u6743\u3002\u4e24\u56fd\u8fd8\u5728\u53cd\u6050\u3001\u671d\u9c9c\u534a\u5c9b\u6838\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u534f\u5546\u4e0e\u5408\u4f5c\u3002\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u526f\u56fd\u52a1\u537f\u7684\u4f50\u5229\u514b\uff08Robert Zoellick\uff09\u57282005\u5e74\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u4e43\u81f3\u56fd\u9645\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u201c\u5229\u76ca\u6538\u5173\u8005\u201d\uff08stakeholder\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4ed6\u547c\u5401\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u4e2d\u56fd\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u8d1f\u8d23\u4efb\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u6538\u5173\u8005\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"content_\">\n<p><b>\u201c\u5d1b\u8d77\u201d\u7684\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u6e10\u884c\u6e10\u8fdc<\/b><\/p>\n<p>2008\u5e748\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u56fd\u5bb6\u4f53\u80b2\u573a\u793c\u70ae\u9f50\u9e23\uff0c\u590f\u5b63\u5965\u8fd0\u4f1a\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u5e55\u3002\u800c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u6b63\u906d\u9047\u6b21\u8d37\u5371\u673a\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u91d1\u878d\u6d77\u5578\u5728\u915d\u917f\u3002\u65f6\u4efb\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d22\u957f\u4fdd\u5c14\u68ee\uff08Henry Paulson\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u603b\u7edf\u5e03\u4ec0\u7684\u968f\u5458\uff0c\u6765\u5230\u5317\u4eac\u89c2\u770b\u5965\u8fd0\u6bd4\u8d5b\u3002\u4ed6\u57282010\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u56de\u5fc6\u5f55\u300a\u5ced\u58c1\u8fb9\u7f18\u300b\uff08On the 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